He tohu hou e ahu mai ana i te amiorangi hei tautuhi i ngā wāhi rapu kai ā-wāhi, ā-wā hoki mō ngā manu wai kai otaota.

Pukapuka:Ngā Tohu Taiao, 99, wh.83-90.

Momo (Manu):He kūaka nui mā-mata (Anser albifrons)

Whakarāpopototanga:

Ko te tohatoha o ngā rauemi kai he mea nui ki te whiriwhiri i te kāinga noho. Ko ngā manu wai kai otaota e pai ake ana ki ngā tipu tipu wawe (mai i te tīmatanga o te tipu o te tipu ki te tihi o te koiora matūkai) nā te mea he nui ake te kaha e kohia ana e ēnei. Kāore tēnei wāhanga whanaketanga tipu e tino hopukina e ngā tohu tipu i ahu mai i te amiorangi e whakamahia whānuitia ana, e aro ana ki te koiora tipu (hei tauira, Enhanced Vegetation Index, EVI) te tipu tipu hohe rānei (hei tauira, te rerekētanga EVI i waenga i te rā o nāianei me te rā o mua, diffEVI). Hei whakapai ake i te mahere i ngā wāhi whāngai e tika ana mō ngā manu wai kai otaota, ka whakaarohia e mātou he tohu tipu tipu hou e ahu mai ana i te amiorangi mō te tipu tipu wawe (ESPG). E whakapae ana mātou he pai ake ki ngā manu wai kai otaota ngā tipu i te wā whanaketanga wawe i te wā tipu, ā, ka tīpakohia e mātou ngā tipu he mutunga tata o te ESPG i te wā kāore e tipu ana. Ka whakamahia e mātou ngā raraunga aroturuki amiorangi o ngā kākā nui ake e 20 (Anser albifrons) e noho ana i te takurua i te mania waipuke o te awa o Yangtze hei whakamana i ā mātou matapae. Ka hangaia e mātou he tauira rārangi whānui mō ngā tohatohatanga o ngā kūtai i ngā wā tipu me ngā wā kāore e tipu ana, ā, ka whakatauritea te mahi a te ESPG ki ngā tohu tipu tipu e whakamahia whānuitia ana (EVI me te diffEVI). I te wā tipu, ka taea e te ESPG te whakamārama i te 53% o ngā rerekētanga o te tohatoha kūtai, ka nui ake i te EVI (27%) me te diffEVI (34%). I te wā kāore e tipu ana, ko te mutunga o te ESPG anake te mea nui ki te awe i te tohatoha kūtai, ka whakamārama i te 25% o te rerekētanga (ESPG: AUC = 0.78; EVI: AUC = 0.58; diffEVI: AUC = 0.58). Ka taea te whakamahi i te tohu tipu tipu hou ESPG hei whakapai ake i ngā tauira o ngā tohatohatanga manu wai kai otaota, ā, nō reira ka tautoko i ngā mahi ki te tiaki manu wai me te whakahaere repo.