Ukudibanisa idatha yokulandelela yale mihla kunye neerekhodi zembali kuphucula ukuqonda kweendawo zokuhlala zasehlotyeni zeMpuma Engaphantsi kwe-White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus.

Iintlobo (Intaka):IGoose enaMhlophe eMncinane (Anser erythropus)

Ijenali:I-Ecology kunye ne-Evolution

Inkcazo:

IGoose eNcinci eMhlophe engaphambili (i-Anser erythropus), eyona incinci kumarhanisi “angwevu”, idweliswe njengesesichengeni kuLuhlu oluBomvu lwe-IUCN kwaye ikhuselwe kuwo onke amazwe. Kukho abantu abathathu, kunye nelona nani lincinci lifundwe ngabantu baseMpuma, ekwabelwana ngalo phakathi kweRashiya neTshayina. Ukuba kude ngokugqithisileyo kweenclas zokuzala kwenza ukuba zingafikeleleki kakhulu kubaphandi. Njengendawo yotyelelo, ukulandelela umkhondo weentaka kwiindawo zasebusika kuvumela ukuphononongwa koluhlu lwazo lwasehlotyeni. Kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu, kwaye kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokulandela umkhondo ze-GPS ezichaneke kakhulu, abantu abalishumi elinanye be-A. erythropus baye balandelelwa ukusuka kwindawo ephambili yasebusika yaseTshayina, ukuya ehlotyeni, nakwiindawo zemiboniso kumntla-mpuma weRashiya. Idatha efunyenwe kuloo mkhondo, ixhaswe ngophando lomhlaba kunye neerekhodi zoncwadi, zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuhanjiswa kwehlobo kwe-A. erythropus. Nangona uncwadi lwangaphambili luchaza uluhlu olunezibhaxu ehlotyeni, imodeli icebisa ukuba uluhlu lwendawo yokuhlala ehlotyeni edibeneyo lunokwenzeka, nangona uqwalaselo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku alunakuqinisekisa ukuba i-A. erythropus ikhona kulo lonke uluhlu oluyimodeli. Ezona ndawo zifanelekileyo zokuhlala zibekwe ecaleni koLwandle lwaseLaptev, ngokuyintloko iLena Delta, kwindawo ephantsi yaseYana-Kolyma, kunye namathafa amancinane aseChukotka anezandiso ezimxinwa zomlambo onyukayo ecaleni kwemilambo emikhulu efana neLena, Indigirka, neKolyma. Ubukho be-A. erythropus bunxulumene neendawo ezinobude obungaphantsi kwe-500 m ezinemigxobhozo eninzi, ingakumbi indawo yokuhlala engaselunxwemeni, kunye nemozulu enemvula yekota eshushu malunga ne-55 mm kunye nobushushu obuphakathi kwe-14°C ngoJuni-Agasti. Ukuphazamiseka kwabantu nako kuchaphazela ukufaneleka kwesiza, kunye nokuncipha kancinci kobukho beentlobo zezilwanyana eziqala malunga ne-160 km ukusuka kwiindawo ezihlala abantu. Ukulandelelwa kude kweentlobo zezilwanyana kunokuvala umsantsa wolwazi ofunekayo kuqikelelo oluqinileyo lweepateni zokuhanjiswa kweentlobo kwiindawo ezikude. Ulwazi olungcono lokusasazwa kwezilwanyana lubalulekile ekuqondeni iziphumo ezinkulu ze-ikholoji yokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwehlabathi kunye nokuseka izicwangciso zokulawula ulondolozo.