Pehea ka nui o ko kākou hilinaʻi ʻana i ka GPS no ka hahai ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu? He loiloi no ka Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon e holo kaʻawale ana.

Puke Pai:PeerJ, 6, ʻaoʻao 5320.

ʻAno (Manu):ʻIbis crested (Nipponia nippon)

Pōkole:

Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka GPS tracking no nā haʻawina holoholona hihiu i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, akā ʻaʻole i loiloi piha ʻia kāna hana, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā mea hoʻoili māmā i hoʻomohala hou ʻia. Ua loiloi mākou i ka hana o ʻewalu mau mea hoʻoili GPS i hoʻomohala ʻia ma Kina ma ka hoʻopili ʻana iā lākou i Crested Ibises Nipponia nippon i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ʻelua mau hale hoʻokipa e hoʻohālike ana i nā wahi noho maoli. Ua helu mākou i ka mamao ma waena o nā wahi GPS a me ke kikowaena o nā hale hoʻokipa ma ke ʻano he hewa kūlana, a ua hoʻohana i nā hewa kūlana 95% (95th percentile) e wehewehe i ka pololei. ʻO ka awelika o ka holomua o ke kūlana he 92.0%, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā haʻawina ma mua. ʻAʻole i hoʻokaʻawale like ʻia nā wahi e ka Papa Kūlana (LC), me nā wahi LC A a me B e helu ana i 88.7%. ʻO ka hewa kūlana 95% i ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi o LC A (9–39 m) a me B (11–41 m) ua pololei loa, ʻoiai a hiki i ka 6.9–8.8% o nā wahi maikaʻi ʻole i ʻike ʻia ma LC C a me D me ka > 100 m a i ʻole > 1,000 m hewa kūlana. ʻOkoʻa ka holomua o ke kau ʻana a me ka pololei ma waena o nā wahi hoʻāʻo, ma muli paha o ka ʻokoʻa o ke ʻano o nā mea kanu. No laila, ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa nei mākou e hiki i nā mea hoʻoili i hoʻāʻo ʻia ke hāʻawi i kahi hapa nui o ka ʻikepili kiʻekiʻe no nā haʻawina maikaʻi, a me kahi helu o nā wahi maikaʻi ʻole e pono ai ka nānā ʻana. Manaʻo mākou e hōʻike ʻia ka HPOD (horizontal dilution of precision) a i ʻole PDOP (positional dilution of precision) ma kahi o ka LC ma ke ʻano he ana o ka pololei o ka wahi no kēlā me kēia wahi e hōʻoia i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka kānana ʻana i nā wahi implausible.